INVESTIGATION OF THE PROCESSES OF ECOLOGICAL AND ECOSYSTEM CHANGES IN WATER BODIES USING UAV DATA

Abstract

In recent years, scuba diving complexes of inland reservoirs have had a great anthropogenic impact exceeding the limits of their self-healing ability. Monitoring the parameters of geosystems using traditional monitoring methods, that is, on-site sampling of water after laboratory analysis, requires significant financial and time resources to carry them out. Traditional methods provide a point assessment, rather than a spatial picture of the ecological state of the reservoir as a whole. The work used data from images taken from cameras of various ranges obtained by measuring solar radiation reflected from the surface of the water using sensors located in the UAV. The combination of images used was based on a generally accepted methodology for identifying key characteristics, as well as applying a modeling method in geographic information systems (GIS) for spatial analysis of the distribution and interaction of environmental properties. In addition, the normalized vegetation index NDVI, the normalized water difference index NDWI, the water color index CI and the turbidity index NDTI, the chlorophyll concentration index "a" were determined in the article to study the ecosystem and qualitative state of water in the context of the confluence of urban sewerage within the outflow of the Irtysh River from Ust-Kamenogorsk with the processing of data from the DJI Phantom UAV 4 RTK/Multispectral. The results obtained can serve as a basis for scientific analysis of the environmental conditions of the studied area, including for studying the processes of eutrophication and other changes in the environment.