FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF TRANSACTIONS IN HIGH-PERFORMANCE BLOCKCHAINS: CURRENT STATE OF RESEARCH AND REQUIREMENTS FOR THE FORENSIC ENGINE FOR SOLANA

Abstract

T High-throughput blockchains complicate digital forensics because transactions are processed at high frequency, assets are represented by heterogeneous tokens, and user identity remains pseudonymous. This review systematizes blockchain forensics methods and discusses their applicability to suspicious-transaction analysis in Solana. The review focuses on international peer-reviewed literature and scholarly publisher platforms from 2013 to 2026, including IEEE, ACM, Springer Nature, Elsevier and MDPI sources on transaction-graph analysis, AML/CFT analytics, Ponzi schemes, wash trading, pump-and-dump manipulation, MEV attacks, Solana security and Rust. The paper argues that techniques designed for Bitcoin and Ethereum cannot be transferred to Solana mechanically: account model, SPL token accounts, instruction traces, Sealevel parallel execution, failed transactions and token-account ownership must be considered. The review derives requirements for a self-hosted Rust-based forensic engine: read-only data collection, normalization of atomic units, multigraph construction, explainable heuristics, reproducible alerts and security by design.