APPLICATION OF BIM TECHNOLOGIES IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Abstract

The article examines the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) technologies in the comprehensive reconstruction of multi‑apartment residential buildings constructed in the second half of the twentieth century. Ageing building stock and stricter requirements for energy efficiency, seismic safety and urban environmental quality make traditional 2D design approaches inadequate, especially under conditions of multiple design options, limited resources and incomplete data on existing assets. The paper systematizes international experience of BIM‑based energy‑efficient and seismic retrofit projects and identifies key BIM tools relevant for countries with a developed industrial housing tradition. A method is proposed for adapting these tools to Kazakhstani conditions, considering climatic zoning, regional seismicity and typical residential building structures. The resulting framework, presented as a summary table linking BIM tools to reconstruction tasks and regions, can inform methodological guidelines, prioritization of digitalization measures and the planning of pilot BIM‑based modernization projects in Kazakhstan.