HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION OF TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL CENTERS AS SPATIAL SYSTEMS (CASE STUDY OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN)

Abstract

In the context of the active development of tourism in the Republic of
Kazakhstan, there is an increasing need for a scientific justification of the
architectural and spatial organization of tourist and recreational
complexes, particularly in the regions of Northern Kazakhstan
characterized by distinct natural and landscape conditions. The aim of the
study is to develop a model of the hierarchical spatial structure of tourist
and recreational complexes. The research applies system-based and
structural-functional approaches, as well as comparative and graphicanalytical methods. It has been established that tourist and recreational
complexes are formed as multi-level systems, including macro-, meso-,
and micro-levels interconnected by spatial and functional relationships.
The scientific novelty lies in substantiating a hierarchical system of spatial
organization of tourist and recreational complexes, taking into account
the natural framework of the territory. The practical significance lies in
the applicability of the results in the design of tourist areas.