ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF THE ACCURACY OF ALIGNMENT OF BUILDING STRUCTURES USING LASER DEVICES

Abstract

This article was the first to propose a method of fine-tuning structures and iron tanks in construction using a two-beam laser device when installing them in a vertical plane. When mounting building structures, it is necessary to use two theodolite or remote Poles for alignment in the vertical plane, and in two directions intersecting with each other. The use of a two-beam laser device can significantly reduce alignment time and significantly reduce its labor intensity. The use of such a device allows you to work in the dark. As an example, we can consider the alignment of reinforced concrete columns. At the beginning of installation, the column is installed in the foundation glass and both beams are directed with a microscrew at the mark located in the lower part of the column so that one point is obtained. Then they mark the beam at the top of the column and if two points are visible, the installer himself aligns the column so that only one point is visible and it is located at risk. In this way, the work of the second theodolite and the work of the surveyor when straightening the column are eliminated. However, the accuracy of alignment when using laser devices depends, in particular, on the distance to the structure being aligned. The article also revealed the relationship between the focusing distance and the diameter of the laser beam and proved that deviations fit into the norms of regulatory documents within limits not exceeding 50 meters. Since as the distance increases, the diameter of the beam increases significantly and the accuracy of the design alignment decreases.